Cấu trúc it take và spend: Cách dùng và bài tập vận dụng
Trong tiếng Anh, khi muốn diễn tả việc tiêu tốn thời gian, tiền bạc cho một việc gì, chúng ta thường sử dụng cấu Cấu trúc It take và Spend. Bởi 2 cấu trúc này có nghĩa tương tự nhau.
Ngoài ra, It take và Spend còn được dùng để chỉ khối lượng thời gian cần thiết đối với một đối tượng cụ thể để thực hiện, hoàn thành công việc nhất định.
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Các cấu trúc cụ thể dưới đây sẽ giúp bạn hiểu rõ hơn về phần ngữ pháp này.
Cấu trúc It take và cách dùng
Cấu trúc It take cơ bản
| Cấu trúc: It (take) + (time) + to + (verb) |
Cách dùng: Cấu trúc It take dùng để nói về việc dành, tốn bao nhiêu thời gian để làm việc gì đó
Ví dụ: It takes years to learn to play flute. / (Cần nhiều năm để học chơi sáo.).
| Cấu trúc: It (take) somebody + (time) + to + (verb) |
Cách dùng: Ai đó dành/mất bao nhiêu thời gian để làm việc gì đó
Ví dụ: It takes Marry 15 minutes to put on her makeup. / (Mary dành 15 phút để trang điểm.).
Cấu trúc đặc biệt khác của It take
Cấu trúc: It takes [quantity + noun] to + (verb)
Cách dùng: Để thể hiện bao nhiêu là cần thiết để hoàn thành công việc nào đó.
Ví dụ: It takes five liters of gas to fill the tank of a Honda SH mode motorcycle. / (Tốn khoảng 5 lít xăng để làm đầy bình xăng xe máy Honda SH.).
Cách viết lại câu với It take
| Cấu trúc: It (take) (somebody) + time + to do sth= Somebody spend(s) + time + doing sth. |
Ví dụ: They used to walk to school in half an hour = They spent half an hour walking to school
= (Họ thường đi bộ đến trường trong nửa giờ = Họ đã dành nửa giờ đi bộ đến trường.)
Cấu trúc spend và cách dùng
Về cơ bản thì Spend có 2 cách dùng tương tự như It take, đó là:
- Spend được dùng để chỉ việc chi bao nhiêu tiền vào việc gì
- Spend được dùng để chỉ bao nhiêu thời gian được dùng cho những mục đích, thực hiện những công việc cụ thể
► Cấu trúc Spend đi cùng “V_ing”
| Công thức: S + (spend) + time/money + doing something |
Ví dụ:
- I spent 1 dollar buying a hamburger. / (Tôi đã mua 1 cái hamburger với giá 1 đô la)
- My mother spends 2 hours dancing everynight. / (Mẹ tôi dành ra 2 tiếng để nhảy mỗi tối.)
Cấu trúc Spend đi cùng N (Danh từ)
| Công thức: S + (spend) + money/time + on something = S + (spend) + something |
Ví dụ:
- She had spent all her money. / (Cô ấy đã tiêu hết tiền)
- My mother has spent a lot of money on perfume. / (Mẹ tôi đã chi rất nhiều tiền để mua nước hoa)
► Viết lại câu với cấu trúc Spend
Công thức: It take (somebody) + time + to do sth
= Somebody spend(s) + time + doing sth
Ví dụ:
It took me 3 days to finish that computer game. / (Tôi đã phá đảo trò chơi điện tử trong vòng 3 ngày.)
= I spent 3 months fixing my house. / (Tôi đã mất 3 tháng để sửa xong nhà.)
Cấu trúc: S + spend(s) + time / money + on + N/doing sth
= S + waste(s) + time / money + on + N/doing sth
Ví dụ:
- He spent a great deal of money on book. / (Anh ấy dành một lượng tiền đáng kể vào sách.)
- He wasted a great deal of money on book. / (Anh ấy tốn một lượng tiền đáng kể vào sách.)
► Một số cấu trúc khác với spend
| Cấu trúc: S + (spend) + money + on doing something |
Ví dụ: My father spent a lot of money on repairing the pool. / (Bố tôi đã chi rất nhiều tiền để sửa lại bể bơi.)
| Cấu trúc: S + (spend) + time + in doing something |
Ví dụ: My brother has spent a lot of time in playing football. / (Anh trai tôi dành rất nhiều thời gian để chơi bóng đá.)
NOTE: Spend được dùng để chỉ việc sử dụng năng lượng, nỗ lực cho tới tận khi cạn kiệt.
| Cấu trúc: S + spend + something + on + something |
Ví dụ: I tend to spend too much effort on unimportant matter. / (Tôi có xu hướng dành quá nhiều sự nỗ lực vào những vấn đề không quan trọng)
| Cấu trúc: Spend itself = stop (dừng lại) |
Ví dụ: Fortunately, the covid 19 finally spent itself. / (May mắn thay, đại dịch covid 19 đã dừng lại)
Bài tập về cấu trúc it take
Bài tập: Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc it take
1/ We often spend 30 minutes reviewing our lesson before class.
2/ I spend two hours doing my home work everyday.
3/ It takes Jess 30 minutes to remove her makeup everyday.
4/ I spent one hour and 40 minutes watching “EXIT” movie in the cinema.
5/ They used to walk to school in half an hour.
6/ Son Naeun spent 5 days visiting Danang.
7/ She spends 20 minutes washing her dog every week.
Đáp án tham khảo
1/ It takes us 30 minutes to review our lesson before class.
2/ It takes me two hours each day to do my homework.
3/ Jess spends 30 minutes removing her makeup everyday
4/ It took me one hour and 40 minutes to watch “EXIT” movie in the cinema.
5/ It took them half an hour to walk to school.
6/ It took Son Naeun 5 days to visit Danang.
7/ It took her 20 minutes to wash her dog every week.
Bài tập cấu trúc It takes và Spend
- It take me about 30 minutes to drive to work everyday
➔ I spend…
- Railey spent an hour choosing his new shoes
➔ It took…
- It took me five years to study in this university
=> I spent
- Tom spent 6 hours tidying his room.
=> It
- She often spends 20 minutes reviewing her lesson before class.
=> It
Đáp án bài tập cấu trúc it takes và spend
- I spend 30 minutes driving to work everyday
- It took Railey an hour to chose his new shoes.
- I spent five years studying in this university
- It took Tom 6 hours to tidy his room
- It takes her 20 minutes to review her lesson before class
Bài tập áp dụng
Để hiểu rõ hơn cách dùng của hai cấu trúc, chúng ta hãy cùng làm bài tập sau.
- He spent lots of time doing this experiment.
⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….
- It took me all the morning to prepare for lunch.
⟹ I spent …………………………………………………………….
- Anna spent three days visiting VN.
⟹ It took ……………………………………………………………..
- It took my son three years to study in this college.
⟹ My son spent …………………………………………………..
- I spend two hours doing my home work everyday.
⟹ It takes ……………………………………………………………
- They spent ten days painting this house.
⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….
- Last week , she spent 2 days tidying her room.
⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….
- They used to go to school in half an hour.
⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….
⟹ They ……………………………………………………………….
- We often spend 30 minutes reviewing our lesson before class.
⟹ It …………………………………………………………………….
- It took him twelve hours to fly from Hanoi to London.
⟹ He …………………………………………………………………..
Đáp án
- It took him lots of time to do this experiment.
- I spent all the morning preparing for lunch.
- It took Anna three days to visit VietNam.
- My son spent three years studying in this college.
- It takes me two hours each day to do my homework.
- It took them ten days to paint this house.
- It took her two days to tidy her room.
- It took them half an hour to go to school.
They spent half an hour going to school.
- It takes us 30 minutes to review our lesson before class.
- He spent twelve hours flying from Hanoi to London.
Một số bài tập cơ bản áp dụng Cấu trúc It take
1. He spent lots of time doing this experiment.
…………………………………………………………………………
2. Anna spent three days visiting VN.
…………………………………………………………………………
3. Last week , she spent 2 days tidying her room.
…………………………………………………………………………
4. They used to go to school in half an hour.
…………………………………………………………………………
5. I walk to school in 20 minutes everyday.
…………………………………………………………………………
6. It takes Jess 30 minutes to remove her makeup everyday.
…………………………………………………………………………
7. Son Naeun spent 5 days visiting Danang.
…………………………………………………………………………
8. She spends 20 minutes washing her dog every week.
…………………………………………………………………………
9. It took him twelve hours to fly from Hanoi to London.
…………………………………………………………………………
10. We often spend 30 minutes reviewing our lesson before class.
…………………………………………………………………………
11. It takes me (30 minutes) to go to school. (Make question)
…………………………………………………………………………
12. It took me two hours to get to vinh city by car
…………………………………………………………………………
13. I had to spend the whole evening finishing my work
…………………………………………………………………………
Đáp án:
1. It took him lots of time to do this experiment.
2. It took Anna three days to visit VietNam.
3. It took her two days to tidy her room.
4. It took them half an hour to go to school.
5. It takes me 20 minutes to walk to school every day
6. Jess spends 30 minutes removing her makeup everyday
7. It took Son Naeun 5 days to visit Danang
8. It took her 20 minutes to wash her dog every week
9. He spent twelve hours flying from Ha Noi to London
10. It takes us 30 minutes to review our lesson before class.
11. How long does it take you to go to school ?
12. I spend two hours getting to vinh city by car
13. It took me the whole evening to finish my work
Bài tập: Viết lại câu với cấu trúc It take và Spend
- It took me 4 days to finish the novel I bought.
=> I spent……………………………………………….
- Mike spends 2 hours a day playing basketball.
It takes………………….…………………………………..
- My dad spends an hour in the evening watching the TV channel he likes.
=> It takes………………….…………………………………..
- It took me 45 minutes to get from home to school.
=> I spent………………….…………………………………..
- It takes Lisa 15 minutes to walk to her company.
=> Lisa spends …………………….…………………………………..
Đáp án:
- I spent 4 days finishing the novel I bought.
- It takes Mike 2 hours a day to play basketball.
- It takes my dad an hour in the evening to watch the TV channel he likes.
- I spent 45 minutes getting from home to school.
- Lisa spends 15 minutes walking to her company.
Bài tập về cấu trúc spend
Bài tập: Sử dụng cấu trúc Spend và It takes để viết lại câu:
- It take me about two hours to walk to school.
➔ I spend…
- Susan spent an hour preparing her report.
➔ It took…
- It took me three months to learn piano.
=> I spent…
- Adam spent 30 minutes reading a book everyday.
=> It
- She often spends 20 minutes reviewing her lesson before class.
=> It
Đáp án:
- I spend two hours walking to school.
- It took Susan an hour to prepare her report.
- I spent three months learning piano.
- It took Adam 30 minutes to read a book everyday.
- It takes her 20 minutes to review her lesson before class
Bài tập sử dụng cấu trúc Spend
Bài tập 1: Khoanh tròn vào đáp án đúng
1. My father often … 8 hours a day working in the factory.
A. Spends
B. Spent
2. You should not … The whole day on computer games.
A. To waste
B. Waste
3. Jim spends a little time … His homework.
A. On
B. In
4. Girls often waste hours … Buying one pair of shoes.
A. On
B. In
5. How long did you spend on …?
A. Doing your housework
B. To do your housework
6. My sister always … Money on clothes.
A. Waste
B. Wastes
Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc phù hợp
1. We often spend 30 minutes reviewing our lesson before class.
2. I spend two hours doing my homework everyday.
3. It takes Jess 30 minutes to remove her makeup everyday.
4. I spent one hour and 40 minutes watching the “EXIT” movie in the cinema.
5. They used to walk to school in half an hour.
6. Son Naeun spent 5 days visiting Danang.
7. She spends 20 minutes washing her dog every week.
Bài tập 3: Hoàn thành những câu sau sử dụng Spend/Spend time/Spend money
1. At the same time, credit card companies and hire purchase outfits are queuing up to let us _____ we don’t have yet.
2. It’s not like me or my friends ever had any real money to _____ at the mall.
3. Corporate America’s reluctance to _____and hire has been the biggest drag on this lackluster recovery.4.
4. The ten celebrities will _____ two weeks in Australia surviving on rice and water.
5. The average _____per child is continuing to rise year-on-year.
6. The total _____ on both the games and the advertising for the Third Place campaign is around €3 million.
7. Most of its advertising _____ goes to local newspapers, much of it in Britain, and to local radio stations.
8. We had an average _____ of 500 euro per year on new books
9. People who _____ that much money are looking for a return on their investment.
10. It’s not just a matter of how much money you _____ on a film.
11. This has been achieved by increasing customer numbers and their average _____ .
12. Health Boards around the country lowered their advertising _____ by up to 50 per cent in recent months in order to trim costs.
13. We _____ a lot of energy trying to be in fashion
14. By now there should be nobody who doesn’t agree that how much money we _____ per pupil makes a difference.
15. ‘They _____ a lot of time with Bradley and I just filled up when they told me what they were doing,’ she said.
16. Being a board member of our local animal shelter, I know that much of the money we _____ on vet services goes to vaccinations.
17. Moreover, the average _____ by overseas visitors in the county is significantly less than in other regions.
18. They hire their own publicity people and they go out and _____ on their own too.
19. I’d _____ whatever money I had to hire investigators to come down, to follow people, to look at every lead they have.
20. On the weekends, whenever I got paid I would _____ all my money in the bar.
21. So adults had more money to _____ on goods and services and invest in their families’ education.
22. Microsoft group marketing manager Nick McGrath likens the _____ to the amount used in launching a new car.
23. Our hope is that we don’t have to actually _____ all the money.
24. Last week the town council passed a motion to _____ a day picking up litter around the town.
25. The Government also spent less per person on health in 2001 than the average _____ of 30 countries surveyed in the report.
26. This still amounts to an aggregate _____ of several million.
27. The company carefully monitors the effectiveness of its advertising _____ and monitors the sites from which punters travel to place bets.
28. While some complaint of London prices, the average _____ is around £30, all in.
29. Advertising _____ all but dried up over July and August.
30. The directories secure seven percent of the advertising _____ in Ireland.
Đáp án bài tập vận dụng
Đáp án bài tập 1
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. B
Đáp án bài tập 2
1. It takes us 30 minutes to review our lesson before class.
2. It takes me two hours each day to do my homework.
3. Jess spends 30 minutes removing her makeup every day.
4. It took me one hour and 40 minutes to watch the “EXIT” movie in the cinema.
5. It took them half an hour to walk to school.
6. It took Son Naeun 5 days to visit Danang.
7. It took her 20 minutes to wash her dog every week.
Đáp án bài tập 3
1. At the same time, credit card companies and hire purchase outfits are queuing up to let us spend money we don’t have yet.
2. It’s not like me or my friends ever had any real money to spend at the mall.
3. Corporate America’s reluctance to spend and hire has been the biggest drag on this lackluster recovery.4.
4. The ten celebrities will spend two weeks in Australia surviving on rice and water.
5. The average spend per child is continuing to rise year-on-year.
6. The total spend on both the games and the advertising for the Third Place campaign is around €3 million.
7. Most of its advertising spend goes to local newspapers, much of it in Britain, and to local radio stations.
8. We had an average spend of 500 euro per year on new books
9. People who spend that much money are looking for a return on their investment.
10. It’s not just a matter of how much money you spend on a film.
11. This has been achieved by increasing customer numbers and their average spend.
12. Health Boards around the country lowered their advertising spend by up to 50 percent in recent months in order to trim costs.
13. We spend a lot of energy trying to be in fashion
14. By now there should be nobody who doesn’t agree that how much money we spend per pupil makes a difference.
15. ‘They spend a lot of time with Bradley and I just filled up when they told me what they were doing,’ she said.
16. Being a board member of our local animal shelter, I know that much of the money we spend on vet services goes to vaccinations.
17. Moreover, the average spend by overseas visitors in the county is significantly less than in other regions.
18. They hire their own publicity people and they go out and spend money on their own too.
19. I’d spend whatever money I had to hire investigators to come down, to follow people, to look at every lead they have.
20. On the weekends, whenever I got paid I would spend all my money in the bar.
21. So adults had more money to spend on goods and services and invest in their families’ education.
22. Microsoft group marketing manager Nick McGrath likens the spend to the amount used in launching a new car.
23. Our hope is that we don’t have to actually spend all the money.
24. Last week the town council passed a motion to spend a day picking up litter around the town.
25. The Government also spent less per person on health in 2001 than the average spend of 30 countries surveyed in the report.
26. This still amounts to an aggregate spend of several million.
27. The company carefully monitors the effectiveness of its advertising spend, and monitors the sites from which punters travel to place bets.
28. While some complaints about London prices, the average spend is around £30, all in.
29. Advertising spent all but dried up over July and August.
30. The directories secure seven percent of the advertising spend in Ireland.
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